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Čimbenici koji imaju negativan utjecaj na kornjače

 

Korištenje staništa

Odvodnja i upotreba vlažnih područja osnovni su razlozi koji su barsku kornjaču, Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758), učinili rijetkom vrstom u središnjoj i južnoj Europi. Ovo je ujedno i druga vrsta slatkovodne kornjače koja živi u Republici Hrvatskoj te je pronađena kako dijeli stanište s vrstom Mauremys rivulata (Valenciennes, 1833).


Poznata je činjenica kako ljudi uzrokuju golemu i ponegdje nepopravljivu štetu uništavanjem i prilagođavanjem staništa (močvare, cretovi i ribnjaci) navedenih, ali i svih drugih vrsta kornjača. Gradnja sustava za navodnjavanje (nad i pod zemljom), raščišćavanje vegetacije unutar i na obalama vodenih tijela (rijeka, močvara, lokava, i sl.) te nekontrolirana i pretjerana upotreba vode također su ozbiljni čimbenici koje treba uzeti u obzir kada se razmatra strategija zaštite slatkovodnih kornjača. 

 

Vegetacija i kanaliziranje

 

Kanalizirani tok rijeke Konavočice (donji tok)

 


Uništavanje vegetacije izlaže kornjače povećanim napadima grabežljivaca te povećava mogućnost utapanja juvenilnih jedinki koje još nisu sposobne boriti se s jakom strujom vode i ostajati ispod površine vode kroz dulje vremenske periode. Betoniranje obala oko vodenih tijela smanjuje količinu dostupne hrane, područje za stvaranje gnjezda i sunčanje. Kanaliziranjem vodotoka povećava se brzina protoka vode što spriječava gomilanje i taloženje pjeskovitog i plutajućeg biljnog materijala. Spomenuta prilagodba vodenih tokova bitno utječe na temperaturu vode što je općenito važan čimbenik u životu gmazova.

 

Kanalizirani tok rijeke Konavočice (gornji tok)

 

 

Poljoprivreda

 

Poljoprivredna aktivnost u Konavoskom polju (vinogradi)

 


Intenzivna poljoprivreda je najviše utjecala na kornjače iz obitelji Testudinidae (Psammobates geometricus (Linnaeus, 1758), Chersina angulata (Schweigger, 1812) i Testudo horsfieldii (Gray, 1884)) koje danas preživljavaju na uskim marginalnim područjima putinja i polupustinja. Važno je napomenuti da u ovu obitelj pripada i čančara, tj. Testudo hermanni (Gmelin, 1789) koja je za razliku od riječne kornjače kopnena vrsta. Koliko poljoprivreda i u kojem mjeri ugrožava populacije kornjača unutar granica Republike Hrvatske još uvijek je otvoreno pitanje.

 

Poljoprivredna aktivnost u Konavoskom polju (voćnjaci)

 

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20 Query Types Logged, Sorted by Occurrences.

SELECT Tables:
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